The Slavery Of The Slave Trade - 1104 Words

The Atlantic Slave Trade was about importing and exporting of commodities such as sugar, cotton and humans beings (slaves) which would be considered the most valuable product. A slave is defined as a person being held in servitude as the chattel (property) of another; one that is completely subservient to a dominating influence.† (Merriam-Webster) According to Paul Lovejoy â€Å"slavery was one form of exploitation. Its special characteristics included the idea that slaves were property; that they were outsiders who were alien by origin, or who had been denied their heritage through judicial or other sanctions;†¦.† This â€Å"slavery† commerce became a position of wealth in the African countries among its leaders, and spread throughout Europe†¦show more content†¦People were considered as wealth and security because they labored to produce food and other goods. It was the norm for the eldest man in the founding family to be the leader and that le ader used his leadership ability to distribute resources and make the important decisions as well as commanding respect. A strong leader had people who were loyal to them. A wealthy person was also a leader, but with the ability to organize labor in order to clear out and farm the land. Polygyny was also an accepted practice in the African culture which assisted in the production of labor power. Therefore African societies were not slave societies because wealth in people was the norm in African lifestyles. Rules of slavery were more dehumanizing in the American slavery methods. African slaves held positions in administration, served in the military, sometimes positions of command, personal servants and agricultural laborers. War was a vehicle to increase slaves by taking them Captive (outsiders). War was made by African rulers and was always a way to increase wealth. Waged war by African leaders was specifically for humans. The more humans, the more power, the more wealth accumulation. They sold people who were already Captives of war. Slaves held by the owner (European or African) and not immediately sold could be used to obtain additional resources that would â€Å"strengthen the king and his administration.† West Africa traded the largest majority of slaves. TheShow MoreRelatedSlavery And The Slave Trade1436 Words   |  6 PagesSlavery has been documented and has been part of the world for a very extensive time. Slaves as well-defined by numerous of individual’s state that slaves were a group of individuals who were legally bought and soon after, became the property of an owner and were forced to obey. No one knows when slavery actually came about, but we do know that it existed. So this being said, today I will be talking about the slave trade, comparing the differences of being an African slave and American slave, asRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1405 Words   |  6 PagesThe slave trade, which was once a legal part of the American constitution, has for many years become a form of piracy because it takes away the basic human rights of any person. The Atlantic slave trade was originated in West Africa and became a systematic institution in American and European economies. This plague brought about an inevitable existence of the nations greatest political conflict. The slave trade evoked heartbreak, and a horror to society as the nation became split over puritan valuesRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1328 Words   |  6 Pagesamounts of workers for cultivation infrastructure. For this reason, American settlers began the transatlantic slave trade trade. Christianity played an important role in advocating for the morality of the slave trade (Ri chard). In order to drive the slave industry, pastors across America used the traditions and stories found in the Bible to endorse and even encourage the practice of slavery. At this time, America was seeing ever dividing sects of protestantism. There were countless institutions anywhereRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe phenomenon of new world slavery was a well-run business and the slaves were the product. Slavery was one of the few industries in history where assets exceeded liability and owner’s equity, which is an unusual occurrence considering the equation is normally that assets equal liability and owner’s equity. Throughout this essay, the rise of slavery and the slave trade will be explained and slavery will be illustrated as the product of a domino effect. Slavery was a process and it took many peopleRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe word slave is well-defined as an individual detained in se rvitude as the chattel of another, or one that is wholly impassive to a ruling power (American Heritage dictionary of the English language, 2011). The most renowned circumstances of slavery materialized throughout the settling of the United States of America. From 1619 until July 1st 1928 slavery was acceptable within United States of America the Slavery protestors endeavoured to end slavery, which at some point; they were effective atRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1295 Words   |  6 Pagesyou a few examples of how Atlantic slave trade came to be. What would be significant about it is that the laws, and rules that existed for the slave trade, were slightly confusing. Example not everyone knew or would agree to slave trade, the vast argument was whether slavery was a necessity or not and who would be considered a slave. Some say that without slaves, they would not get the proper work done such as field work is an example. Also others argued that slavery was not needed. As a result of theRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of the domestic slave trade because of the need for slaves in the tobacco planting lands. Many landowners and planters looked towards the Chesapeake area to seek for slaves. Many slave owners started looking towards that region because the International Slave Trade had been blockaded off. The domestic slave trade began something different; where African Americans were moved to a new location either through being sold or being transferred. Because of the desperate need of slaves in order to earnRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1987 Words   |  8 Pagesbe complete without the mention of the interstate slave trade. This is most applicable when we talk about one aspect of the slave trade that often gets overlooked, the Atlantic Slave Trade. When mentioning the Atlantic Slave Trade, it is the fact that southerners considered reopening the trade after its dissolution in the beginning of the nine teenth century. Interestingly enough, there were movements by southerners to reopen the Atlantic Slave Trade that were in the name of southern expansion. OneRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade2968 Words   |  12 Pageshistory of slavery is long, documented, captured in photos and personal narratives of slaves and slave owners. There are many accounts of how slavery started, the horrific stories of transporting slaves and what they were used for throughout history. To start at the beginning you have to start with how slaves were placed in different countries and continents where they were not born. Most know about the Atlantic slave trade that effected North America, South America and the Caribbean. Slavery existedRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade1889 Words   |  8 PagesFor over 2,000 years, slavery has been conducted in various parts of the world. From year 1500 to year 1900, Europeans stole individuals from West Africa, West Central Africa, and Southeast Africa and shipped them to the different parts of the Atlantic. This process dehumanized them of their identity. Europeans stole husbands, wives, merchants, blacksmiths, farmers, and even children. They removed them from their homelands and gave them new names: slaves. European slaveholders never thought to take

Race Class Gender 456 Final Exam - 1311 Words

L.ADKINS RCG 456 FINAL EXAM L. Adkins Race Class Gender 456 Final Exam Laura Adkins DSU Student L. Adkins Race Class Gender 456 Final Exam 1. Elaborate Noel’s theory on the contact situation of race relations (20 pts). Sociologist Donald Noel’s hypotheses state, â€Å"If two or more groups come together in a contact situation characterized by ethnocentrism, competition, and a differential in power, then some form of racial or ethnic stratification will result (Healey O Brien, 2015, p. 104). In this hypothesis, the contact situation is the initial contact of the groups and results in a dominant and minority group. Ethnocentrism is defined by our tendency to judge other groups or cultures based upon our own standards establishing†¦show more content†¦Ethnocentrism is human nature- everyone needs to feel superior in some regard. In the initial contact, the African Americans were outnumbered, out resourced and were complete cultural opposites. To boot, they looked and talked differently. Also, for centuries Europeans had previous contact with Africa and racism had already been established. So when the African Americans arrived, the European Americans had an established minority group who were considered inferior and lazy but could supply a commodity they needed, in particular, cheap labor. The actual competition between the European Americans and the African Americans had a predetermined outcome because the European Americans already controlled the resources. This didn’t mean the African Americans did not want these resources; the â€Å"playing field† was just stacked against them before they had a chance to compete, ensuring the European Americans retention of power and thus financial gain. 3. Explain how racism was established and perpetuated to justify the exploitation of African Americans as a minority group (40 pts). In proving the existence of all 3 elements of Noel’s hypothesis using a monetary gauge, we have established the dominant and minority groups as well as the existence of racism. Using these same identifiers we can also prove the perpetuation ofShow MoreRelatedPsy Evaluation Essay11057 Words   |  45 PagesPSY4100 Addictions Summer 2012 Final Exam Study Guide NOTE: Your final exam will consist of 100 questions selected from the following, as well as selected questions from in-class tests on Food Addiction and on The Joyful Mind; correct answers to those tests have already been posted to the doc sharing portion of the Ecompanion Website. You can use the answers to check the answers you gave on your chapter study tests. Your final exam is on Wednesday, September 12, 2012; You will have from 8:15AM toRead Morenot available3379 Words   |  14 Pages Final Exam Multiple Choice Review Questions (15%) CHAPTER 9 1. 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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Essay Sample free essay sample

Abstraction: The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ( ESR ) . besides branded as deposit rate or Biernacki Reaction. is the rate at which ruddy blood cells deposit in a clip of 1 hr. To put to death the trial. anti-coagulated blood is positioned in an vertical tubing. known as a Westergren tubing. and the rate at which the ruddy blood cells autumn is calculated and accounted in millimetres per hr ( mm/h ) . The erythrocyte deposit rate ( ESR ) is seldom the lone grounds to infection in symptomless individuals and is non a positive choice trial. Erythrocyte deposit rate ( ESR ) has been functional for diagnosing of prosthetic hip and articulatio genus infection. Result illustrated that ESR value ranges in such a manner that norm of female was found as 7. 96 % mm/ hour and that of male were to be 5. 96 % mm/hr. The erythrocyte deposit rate was strongly interrelated with age. haemoglobin degree. smoke position. entire cholesterin degree and systolic blood force per unit area. -From the Desk Of Rabia Sehar Aim:To find ESR fluctuations — in male and female.Introduction: The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ( ESR ) . besides branded as deposit rate or Biernacki Reaction. is the rate at which ruddy blood cells deposit in a clip of 1 hr. It is an ordinary haematology trial that is a distrait evaluate of redness. To put to death the trial. anti-coagulated blood is positioned in an vertical tubing. known as a Westergren tubing. and the rate at which the ruddy blood cells autumn is calculated and accounted in millimetres per hr ( mm/h ) . This trial was originated in 1897 by the Polish physician Edmund Biernacki. In 1918. the Swedish diagnostician Robert SannoFahr?us asserted the equivalent and beside with Alf VilhelmAlbertsson Westergren is eponymously considered for the Fahr?us-Westergren trial ( abbreviated as FW trial ; in the UK. by and large termed Westergren trial ) which uses Na citrate-coagulated specimens. Westergren method’s normal values are such that for work forces 3mm/hr and adult females 7mm/hr [ 1 ] . Normal ESR values with Sodium citrate as an decoagulant by Westergren Method [ 1 ] | | | Adults| | | Children | | Men | | Women | | Newborn | Newborn to puberty | lt ; 50 old ages | gt ; 50 old ages | lt ; 50 old ages | gt ; 50 old ages | 0 to 2 mm/hr | 3 to 13 mm/hr | lt ; 15 mm/hr | lt ; 20 mm/hr | lt ; 20 mm/hr | lt ; 30 mm/hr | | | DEPENDING Factors: Any circumstance that raises factor I ( e. g. . gestation. diabetes mellitus. end-stage nephritic failure. bosom disease. collagen vascular diseases. malignance ) perchance will besides raise up the ESR. Anemia and macrocytosis besides increase the ESR. In anaemia. by agencies of the haematocrit decreased. the speed of the upward current of plasma is modified so that ruddy blood cell aggregates fall faster. Macrocytic ruddy cells with a smaller surface-to-volume ratio besides settle more quickly. A lessened ESR is related with a figure of blood diseases in which ruddy blood cells have an asymmetrical or minor figure that causes slower settling. In patients of polycythemia. excessively many ruddy blood cells cut down the soundness of the rouleau web and artifactually poorer the ESR. A enormous rise of the white blood cell count as observed in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia has besides been reported to take down the ESR. Hypofibrinogenemia. hypergammaglobulinemia connected with dysprote inemia. and hyperviscosity might every one cause a stained lessening in the ESR. Although it has been narrative that drug therapy with acetylsalicylic acid or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents may diminish the ESR. this has been clashed. Because the ESR resoluteness is recurrently carried out in office research labs. cautious attending to proficient factors that may make blemished rules is of import. A atilt ESR tubing will do an artefactual lift. whereas scarce anticoagulation with curdling of the blood sample will utilize factor I and may artifactually poorer the ESR [ 2 ] . Variation: The erythrocyte deposit rate ( ESR ) is seldom the lone grounds to infection in symptomless individuals and is non a positive choice trial. When the rate is increased. a careful history and physical scrutiny will usually uncover the cause. A cryptic addition in the ESR is normally fugitive and seldom suited to somber disease. The trial is chiefly helpful in naming temporal arteritis and oversing the patient’s rejoinder to bring around. The trial has little diagnostic value in arthritic arthritis but may be helpful in supervising disease motion when clinical findings are oblique. The ESR is over and over once more normal in patients with malignant neoplastic disease. infection. and connective tissue disease and is hence of small usage in sole of these diseases in patients with fuzzed unwellness [ 3 ] . Although the surveillance that erythrocyte deposit rate doubtless envisaged coronary bosom disease mortality by multivariate Cox-regression analysis. the present survey has a figure of major restrictions. Despite the fact that associations with age. haemoglobin. smoke position. entire cholesterin and Systolic blood force per unit area were regulated. no baseline measurings were made of serum factor I. albumen. or Igs. Beside by agencies of hematocrit. these proteins play a dominant function in decisive the erythrocyte deposit rate. In peculiar. betterment for factor I would hold been advantageous since this stage reactant compares strongly with the development of coronary bosom disease and clearly plays a cardinal function in the thrombotic procedure [ 4 ] . Erythrocyte deposit rate ( ESR ) has been functional for diagnosing of prosthetic hip and articulatio genus infection. But small information is available on ESR in patients undergoing reconsideration or resection of shoulder arthroplasties or spine implants [ 5 ] . The erythrocyte deposit rate was strongly interrelated with age. haemoglobin degree. smoke position. entire cholesterin degree and systolic blood force per unit area. After seting for all these associations in multivariate Cox arrested development analyses. the erythrocyte deposit rate materialized as a strong short- and long-run forecaster of coronary bosom disease mortality. peculiarly in work forces who had developed angina pectoris and/or had a positive exercising ECG trial at the 2nd study. Increases in non-coronary bosom disease deceases and in non-fatal myocardial infarctions were merely seen in the upper erythrocyte deposit rate scope [ 12 ] . MATERIAL AND METHODS: 2ml of blood samples were gathered by vein puncture from each of 10 females and 10 males apart from tobacco users under sterile judicial admissions at LUMHS Jamshoro. 1. 6 milliliter of blood from each sample was assorted with 0. 4ml of Na citrate ( anticoagulant ) . so every sample was sucked in Westergen Tube up to zero markups and was secured in base these samples in base were left dispensed for one hr after one hr reading were noted down from the nothing taging up to intersection between clear plasma and ruddy cellular part. DATA Analysis: Second: no| MALE| FEMALE|1| 5. 4| 9|2| 6. 1| 7. 8|3| 5| 6|4| 7. 3| 8. 1|5| 6| 7|6| 4. 9| 7. 1|7| 5| 9|8| 7. 1| 8. 5|9| 6| 8|10| 6. 8| 9. 1|AVERAGE| 5. 96| 7. 96|STDEV| 0. 842852| 0. 964572|TTEST| 0. 031731| | Consequence: Consequence illustrated that ESR value ranges in such a manner that norm of female was found as 7. 96 % mm/ hour and that of male were to be 5. 96 % mm/hr. Discussion: The ESR is governed by the equilibrium between pro-sedimentation grounds. chiefly factor I. and those factors opposing deposit. viz. the negative charge of the red blood cells ( zeta potency ) . When an inflammatory procedure is at that place. the high proportion of factor I in the blood causes red blood cells to bond to each other. The ruddy cells signifier tonss called ‘rouleaux. ’ which settle faster. Rouleaux formation can besides happen in association with some lymphoproliferative upsets in which one or more Igs are secreted in high sums [ 13 ] . Before puberty the mean value of hemoglobin value in both genders is about similar but after pubescence there is a difference in the degree of haemoglobin because after puberty both females and males but the measure in males release Testosterone is much more than females [ 15 ] . It has been shown that testosterone affects the secernment of erythropoietin by kidneys which is responsible for the formation of RBCs which in bend causes high degree of Hemoglobin [ 14. ] In expiration. ESR values are elevated in articulatio genus arthroplasty and spinal column implant patients than in hip arthroplasty patients by agencies of infection. and demo the lowest sensitiveness for diagnosing of shoulder arthroplasty infection. still using cutoffs optimized utilizing having runing curve analysis [ 5 ] . The ESR is often normal in patients with malignant neoplastic disease. infection. and connective tissue disease and is accordingly of small usage in excepting these diseases in patients with obscure ailments [ 3 ] . Mentions: 1. Shruti Kumta. Gireesh Nayak. Pratapchandra Kedilaya. Manjula Shantaram ; A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE ( ESR ) USING SODIUM CITRATE AND EDTA ; International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences ; Volume 1 ; Issue 4 ; OCT-DEC-2011 ; 393-396. 2. MALCOLM L. BRIGDEN ; Clinical Utility of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ; American Family Physician Journal ; 1999 Oct 1 ; 60 ( 5 ) :1443-1450. 3. Sox HC Jr. Liang MH ; The erythrocyte deposit rate ; Annals of Internal Medicine ; 1986. 104 ( 4 ) ; 515-523. 4. P. J. GRANT ; Erythrocyte deposit rate: is it a utile hazard marker for coronary bosom disease ; European Heart Journal ( 2000 ) 21 ; 1567–1569. 5. Kerryl E. Piper. Marta Fernandez-Sampedro. Kathryn E. Steckelberg. Jayawant N. Mandrekar. Melissa J. Karau. James M. Steckelberg ; C-Reactive Protein. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and Orthopedic Implant Infection ; doi:10. 1371/journal. pone. 0009358. t001. 6. Wolfe F. Michaud K. The clinical and research significance of the erythrocyte deposit rate. J Rheumatol. 1994 ; 21:1227–37. 7. Stuart J. Whicher JT. Trials for observing and supervising the acute stage response. Arch Dis Child. 1988 ; 63:115–7. 8. Miettinen AK. Heinonen PK. Laippala P. Paavonen J. Test public presentation of erythrocyte deposit rate and C-reactive protein in measuring the badness of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 ; 169:1143–9. 9. Katz PR. Karuza J. Gutman SI. Bartholomew W. Richman G. A comparing between erythrocyte deposit rate ( ESR ) and selected acute-phaseproteins in the aged. Am J Clin Pathol. 1990 ; 94:637–40. 10. Wise CM. Agudelo CA. Chmelewski WL. McKnight KM. Temporal arteritis with low erythrocyte deposit rate: a reappraisal of five instances. Arthritis Rheum. 1991 ; 34:1571–4. 11. Fauchald P. Rygvold O. Oystese B. Temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: clinical and biopsy findings. Ann Intern Med. 1972 ; 77:845–52. 12. G Erikssen. K Liestol. J. V Bjornholt. H Stormorken. E Thaulow and J Erikssen ; Erythrocyte deposit rate ; Eur Heart J ( 2000 ) 21 ( 19 ) : 1614-1620. Department of the Interior: 10. 1053. euhj. 2000. 2148. 13. Wikipedia. org 14. THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – NORMAL RATE OF HEMOGLOBIN.15. MN CHATERJEE. RANA SHINDE ; MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY ; CHEMISTRY OF HEMOGLOBIN AND HEMOPATHIES ; VOLUME 8TH ; ( 150 ) 149:160 ; 2012

Outsourcings Benefits and Negative Aspects

Introduction With increased competition in today’s business world, organizations are compelled to adopt new strategies that will distinguish them from the rest. Change within organizations is therefore a very common occurrence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Outsourcing’s Benefits and Negative Aspects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Wood (1), organizations are made to undergo numerous changes to address the issue of competition. These may include redesigning structures within the organization, venturing into new grounds, introducing new technologies and products etc. A new idea that is now central to operations of many organizations in the United States is outsourcing. In outsourcing, a company or an organization subcontracts part of its operations to a third party agent. A definition given by Elmuti (1), regards outsourcing as an approach where an organization delegates major but usu ally non-core operations to specialized service of providers. These are functions that an organization is not good at and are thus given to others who are better (Kumar Eickhoff 246). Though favored by many businesses in America, it is surrounded by so much controversy and many Americans are convinced that organizations involved in outsourcing are denying them an opportunity to earn. In this paper, I will discuss the benefits and negative aspects of outsourcing, effects on organizational behavior and finally, what can be done to facilitate an easy transition for all stakeholders. Benefits and Negative Aspects of Outsourcing Outsourcing or offshoring as it is sometimes referred to, can be beneficial to an organization in a number of ways. Wood (1) argues that besides making it easier for executives to make decisions much faster, outsourcing also opens a new a venue for income to the organization. Another key benefit of offshoring is the significant reduction in labor costs. There ha ve been repeated allegations by offshore vendors that it costs one five times less per hour to have an IT job done in Bangalore, India or even in Beijing, China than it will cost to have the same job done in the United States (Overby 1). Obviously, this is not acceptable to everyone. While businesses will celebrate decreased production costs, the ordinary citizen will perceive this as a negative development for the American economy. A job seeker for example, will be concerned about the fact that jobs have to be transferred out of the country leading to an increase in the level of unemployment locally. On the other hand, others are afraid that the outsourced companies my not be experienced enough to do the job and this may lead to compromised product quality.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Overby (1), however, challenges claims by these offshore vendors. Although he agrees t hat one can save substantially by outsourcing, his argument is that it is not possible for anyone to save as much as 80 percent as in the above scenario by outsourcing. He demonstrates this by citing United Technologies, a leader in the development of offshoring best practices that is able to save slightly over 20 percent outsourcing to India. Elmuti (1) shows that if successfully put into action, offshoring can result in other benefits such as improved capability and quality of products, increased production capacity and the organization also gains muscles to face competitors, among others. However, an organization will not have much control on the way that some services will be carried out. If the outsourced company fails to deliver as agreed, the organization will be negatively affected as the customer may not be very pleased (Elmuti 1). Another dilemma that comes with outsourcing has to do with employees. Out of fear that they will lose current positions, or that they will be fo rced to acquire new skills, employees will become a stumbling block to the transfer of important knowledge (Wood 1). With this in mind, it is very critical for organizations plan for proper transition. According to Overby, hidden costs of offshoring include; costs for vendor selection, transition, layoffs and managing outsourced contracts. The actual costs and estimated costs in these undertakings will greatly differ (1-7). Effects of Outsourcing on Organizational Behaviour Offshoring drastically changes the dynamics within an organization. First of all, employees become less motivated and eventually, this affects their levels of output. Morale among workers is destroyed and the last thing they want to hear mentioned is outsourcing. In my own opinion, this is a problem that cannot be cured by money. Staff may be required to skill up so as to meet demands of the new organizational structure. Organizations may start lay-offs and this is certainly an expensive engagement. Planning a Su ccessful Transition According to Wood (1), the number one factor that hinders progress is the lack of interest. Management must therefore do all that is necessary to see to it that employees are in agreement with whatever decisions are being made. Workers should be convinced beyond doubt that everything is being done to their advantage. Wood (1) lists some important success factors that should be followed by any organization that wishes to venture into outsourcing. Wood points out that all employees must be recognized as stakeholders in the organization. The knowledge they possess is very critical to the success of the organization (1). Another recommendation is to ensure that every head of department develops a plan of communicating with employees in their respective departments from the early stages of implementation (Wood 1).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Outsourcing’s Benefits and Negative Aspects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11 /page Learn More It is also vital to consider how organizational objectives differ and thus conflict with the interests of employees. Wood further argues that there must be adequate transfer of employee knowledge and an effective plan for continuous change must be in place (1). Other strategies include having clear objectives and making the right choice of outsourcing partners. All these are meant to facilitate a smooth transition with less resentment from employees. Given that we are currently living in a very aggressive environment, it is my opinion that organizations must be willing to adapt to change so as to survive the stiff competition. Change is inevitable and flexibility is a valuable attribute for any organization or person seeking to excel. Works Cited Elmuti, Dean. The Perceived Impact of Outsourcing on Organizational Performance. American Journal of Business Vol. 18 No. 2. (2003). Kumar, Sameer Eickhoff, Jason H. Outsourcing: When and how should it be do ne? Information Knowledge Systems Management 5 (2005/2006) 245–259. Overby, Stephanie. The Hidden Costs of Offshore Outsourcing. Framingham: CXO Media, Inc. 2003. Web. https://www.cio.com/article/2442089/offshoring-the-hidden-costs-of-offshore-outsourcing.html Wood, Ronald. Managing the Transformation. New York: Axiom Consulting, LLC. 2009. Web. This essay on Outsourcing’s Benefits and Negative Aspects was written and submitted by user Rylee Lopez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.